feat: add support for configuring scope info metric attributes for the Prometheus exporter and refactor conversion to Prometheus metrics

.changelog/5123.added

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+`opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus`: add support for configuring scope info metric attributes for the Prometheus exporter

docs/exporter/prometheus/prometheus.rst

@@ -39,6 +39,46 @@ Prometheus text format on request::
     provider = MeterProvider(resource=resource, metric_readers=[reader])
     metrics.set_meter_provider(provider)
 
+Scope labels
+------------
+
+By default, the Prometheus exporter adds instrumentation scope information as
+labels on every exported metric. These labels include ``otel_scope_name``,
+``otel_scope_version``, and ``otel_scope_schema_url``. Instrumentation scope
+attributes are exported with the ``otel_scope_`` prefix::
+
+    from prometheus_client import start_http_server
+
+    from opentelemetry import metrics
+    from opentelemetry.exporter.prometheus import PrometheusMetricReader
+    from opentelemetry.sdk.metrics import MeterProvider
+
+    start_http_server(port=9464, addr="localhost")
+    reader = PrometheusMetricReader()
+    provider = MeterProvider(metric_readers=[reader])
+    metrics.set_meter_provider(provider)
+
+    meter = metrics.get_meter(
+        "checkout",
+        "1.2.3",
+        schema_url="https://opentelemetry.io/schemas/1.21.0",
+        attributes={"region": "us-east-1"},
+    )
+    counter = meter.create_counter("orders")
+    counter.add(1, {"environment": "production"})
+
+The exported metric includes labels such as
+``otel_scope_name="checkout"``,
+``otel_scope_version="1.2.3"``,
+``otel_scope_schema_url="https://opentelemetry.io/schemas/1.21.0"``,
+``otel_scope_region="us-east-1"``, and
+``environment="production"``.
+
+To omit instrumentation scope labels from exported metrics, set
+``without_scope_info`` to ``True``::
+
+    reader = PrometheusMetricReader(without_scope_info=True)
+
 Configuration
 -------------
 
@@ -56,4 +96,4 @@ References
 ----------
 
 * `Prometheus <https://prometheus.io/>`_
-* `OpenTelemetry Project <https://opentelemetry.io/>`_ 
+* `OpenTelemetry Project <https://opentelemetry.io/>`_