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Add AES-128 encryption algorithm#14830

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shishir-cyber wants to merge 5 commits into
TheAlgorithms:masterfrom
shishir-cyber:aes-cipher
Open

Add AES-128 encryption algorithm#14830
shishir-cyber wants to merge 5 commits into
TheAlgorithms:masterfrom
shishir-cyber:aes-cipher

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@shishir-cyber

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Describe your change:

This Pull Request introduces a pure Python implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) - 128 bit block cipher encryption.

AES is a symmetric-key algorithm widely used globally to secure sensitive data. This implementation operates on the core 16-byte block level, handling key expansion, state transformation rounds (SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns, AddRoundKey), and the final round sequence without relying on external cryptographic libraries like PyCryptodome or cryptography

  • Add an algorithm?
  • Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
  • Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
  • Documentation change?

Checklist:

  • I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
  • This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
  • I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
  • This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
  • All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
  • All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
  • All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
  • All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
  • All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
  • All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
  • If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper Bot added require descriptive names This PR needs descriptive function and/or variable names require tests Tests [doctest/unittest/pytest] are required labels Jun 19, 2026

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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

🔗 Relevant Links

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Comment thread ciphers/aes_128.py
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1B, 0x36
)

def sub_bytes(state: list[int]) -> None:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file ciphers/aes_128.py, please provide doctest for the function sub_bytes

Comment thread ciphers/aes_128.py
for i in range(16):
state[i] = S_BOX[state[i]]

def shift_rows(state: list[int]) -> None:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file ciphers/aes_128.py, please provide doctest for the function shift_rows

Comment thread ciphers/aes_128.py Outdated
# Row 3: shifted left by 3
state[3], state[7], state[11], state[15] = state[15], state[3], state[7], state[11]

def galois_multiply(a: int, b: int) -> int:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file ciphers/aes_128.py, please provide doctest for the function galois_multiply

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: a

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: b

Comment thread ciphers/aes_128.py
b >>= 1
return p % 256

def mix_columns(state: list[int]) -> None:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file ciphers/aes_128.py, please provide doctest for the function mix_columns

Comment thread ciphers/aes_128.py
galois_multiply(col[0], 3) ^ col[1] ^ col[2] ^ galois_multiply(col[3], 2)
)

def add_round_key(state: list[int], round_key: list[int]) -> None:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file ciphers/aes_128.py, please provide doctest for the function add_round_key

Comment thread ciphers/aes_128.py
for i in range(16):
state[i] ^= round_key[i]

def key_expansion(key: bytes) -> list[int]:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file ciphers/aes_128.py, please provide doctest for the function key_expansion

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper Bot added the awaiting reviews This PR is ready to be reviewed label Jun 19, 2026
@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper Bot added the tests are failing Do not merge until tests pass label Jun 19, 2026
@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper Bot removed require descriptive names This PR needs descriptive function and/or variable names require tests Tests [doctest/unittest/pytest] are required labels Jun 19, 2026
@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper Bot removed the tests are failing Do not merge until tests pass label Jun 19, 2026
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