Backport manifest-list bound width inference to DF55 fork

[osipovartem]

Summary

• Backport the manifest-list bound width inference from Preserve row lineage during v3 overwrites JanKaul/iceberg-rust#413, including decoding against the scanned snapshot schema.
• Preserve the fork public decoder API and historical-schema fallback; cache partition types per spec/schema so repeated manifest-list entries avoid type resolution.
• Validate partition spec IDs even when an entry has no summaries; retain the partition-summary count guard.

Verification

• cargo +1.94.0 test -p iceberg-rust-spec -p iceberg-rust --lib -- --quiet: 195 spec and 182 library tests passed.
• cargo +1.94.0 clippy -p iceberg-rust-spec -p iceberg-rust --lib -- -D warnings: passed.
• Ignored local microbenchmark, 20,000 decoded entries in debug mode: cached 79.3 ms; uncached 91.0 ms. This is comparative only, not a production throughput claim.
• Independent read-only review approved the final diff.

Rustice pin update and integration tests will follow separately after this backport is merged.