gh-152235: Defer GC tracking of a set / frozenset construction from iterable.

Author: corona10

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-26-05-49-13.gh-issue-152235.YU20T9.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Defer GC tracking of a :class:`set` or :class:`frozenset` to the end of its
+construction from iterable. Patch by Donghee Na.

Objects/setobject.c

@@ -1351,7 +1351,9 @@ make_new_set(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *iterable)
     assert(PyType_Check(type));
     PySetObject *so;
 
-    so = (PySetObject *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
+    // Allocate untracked: the fill below runs user code, and a half-built
+    // set must not be reachable from another thread via gc.get_objects().
+    so = (PySetObject *)_PyType_AllocNoTrack(type, 0);
     if (so == NULL)
         return NULL;
 
@@ -1370,6 +1372,8 @@ make_new_set(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *iterable)
         }
     }
 
+    // Track only once fully built.
+    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(so);
     return (PyObject *)so;
 }