diff --git a/backend/app/core/base_model.py b/backend/app/core/base_model.py
index 339494b4c..7ec7854b0 100644
--- a/backend/app/core/base_model.py
+++ b/backend/app/core/base_model.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 
-from sqlalchemy import Boolean, DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, Integer, MetaData, String
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, Boolean, DateTime, Index, Integer, MetaData, String
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncAttrs
 from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, declared_attr, mapped_column, relationship
 
@@ -18,6 +19,12 @@
     "pk": "pk_%(table_name)s",
 }
 
+# 跨方言 JSON 类型：PostgreSQL（生产）使用 JSONB，SQLite/MySQL（测试环境）降级为
+# 通用 JSON，保证 create_all 与 autogenerate 在三种方言下均可渲染、零漂移。
+# 各模块定义 JSON 列时统一使用 JSONType，而非直接硬编码 JSONB，避免破坏基类
+# 「兼容 SQLite、MySQL 和 PostgreSQL」的承诺。
+JSONType = JSONB().with_variant(JSON(), "sqlite", "mysql")
+
 
 class MappedBase(AsyncAttrs, DeclarativeBase):
     """声明式基类
@@ -132,7 +139,6 @@ class UserMixin(MappedBase):
 
     created_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
         Integer,
-        ForeignKey("sys_user.id", ondelete="SET NULL", onupdate="CASCADE"),
         default=None,
         nullable=True,
         index=True,
@@ -140,7 +146,6 @@ class UserMixin(MappedBase):
     )
     updated_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
         Integer,
-        ForeignKey("sys_user.id", ondelete="SET NULL", onupdate="CASCADE"),
         default=None,
         nullable=True,
         index=True,
@@ -149,7 +154,6 @@ class UserMixin(MappedBase):
 
     deleted_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
         Integer,
-        ForeignKey("sys_user.id", ondelete="SET NULL", onupdate="CASCADE"),
         default=None,
         nullable=True,
         index=True,
@@ -161,7 +165,7 @@ def created_by(self):
         """创建人关联关系"""
         return relationship(
             "UserModel",
-            foreign_keys=lambda: self.created_id,  # pyright: ignore[reportArgumentType]
+            primaryjoin=f"foreign({self.__name__}.created_id) == remote(UserModel.id)",
             uselist=False,
         )
 
@@ -170,7 +174,7 @@ def updated_by(self):
         """更新人关联关系"""
         return relationship(
             "UserModel",
-            foreign_keys=lambda: self.updated_id,  # pyright: ignore[reportArgumentType]
+            primaryjoin=f"foreign({self.__name__}.updated_id) == remote(UserModel.id)",
             uselist=False,
         )
 
@@ -179,6 +183,6 @@ def deleted_by(self):
         """删除人关联关系"""
         return relationship(
             "UserModel",
-            foreign_keys=lambda: self.deleted_id,  # pyright: ignore[reportArgumentType]
+            primaryjoin=f"foreign({self.__name__}.deleted_id) == remote(UserModel.id)",
             uselist=False,
         )
diff --git a/backend/app/modules/system/user/model.py b/backend/app/modules/system/user/model.py
index 4d3a7c6a2..7f94679f0 100644
--- a/backend/app/modules/system/user/model.py
+++ b/backend/app/modules/system/user/model.py
@@ -81,10 +81,25 @@ class UserModel(ModelMixin, UserMixin):
     status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, default=0, nullable=False, comment="状态(0:启动 1:停用)")
     description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, default=None, nullable=True, comment="备注")
 
-    dept_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, ForeignKey("sys_dept.id", ondelete="SET NULL", onupdate="CASCADE", use_alter=True), nullable=True, index=True, comment="部门ID")
+    dept_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, ForeignKey("sys_dept.id", ondelete="SET NULL", onupdate="CASCADE"), nullable=True, index=True, comment="部门ID")
     dept: Mapped["DeptModel | None"] = relationship(back_populates="users", foreign_keys=[dept_id])
     roles: Mapped[list["RoleModel"]] = relationship(secondary="sys_user_roles", back_populates="users")
     positions: Mapped[list["PositionModel"]] = relationship(secondary="sys_user_positions", back_populates="users")
-    created_by: Mapped["UserModel | None"] = relationship("UserModel", foreign_keys="UserModel.created_id", remote_side="UserModel.id", uselist=False, viewonly=True)
-    updated_by: Mapped["UserModel | None"] = relationship("UserModel", foreign_keys="UserModel.updated_id", remote_side="UserModel.id", uselist=False, viewonly=True)
-    deleted_by: Mapped["UserModel | None"] = relationship("UserModel", foreign_keys="UserModel.deleted_id", remote_side="UserModel.id", uselist=False, viewonly=True)
+    created_by: Mapped["UserModel | None"] = relationship(
+        "UserModel",
+        primaryjoin="foreign(UserModel.created_id) == remote(UserModel.id)",
+        uselist=False,
+        viewonly=True,
+    )
+    updated_by: Mapped["UserModel | None"] = relationship(
+        "UserModel",
+        primaryjoin="foreign(UserModel.updated_id) == remote(UserModel.id)",
+        uselist=False,
+        viewonly=True,
+    )
+    deleted_by: Mapped["UserModel | None"] = relationship(
+        "UserModel",
+        primaryjoin="foreign(UserModel.deleted_id) == remote(UserModel.id)",
+        uselist=False,
+        viewonly=True,
+    )
diff --git a/frontend/app/src/composables/useListPage.ts b/frontend/app/src/composables/useListPage.ts
index 5020e55f2..68b4895d3 100644
--- a/frontend/app/src/composables/useListPage.ts
+++ b/frontend/app/src/composables/useListPage.ts
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ export function useListPage<T, AG extends AlovaGenerics = AlovaGenerics>(options
       watchingStates: [],
       preloadNextPage: false,
       preloadPreviousPage: false,
-      // 响应已由 http 层 responded 解包为业务结构 { list, total }
-      data: res => (res as PageResult<T>).list ?? [],
+      // 响应已由 http 层 responded 解包为业务结构 { items, total }
+      data: res => (res as PageResult<T>).items ?? [],
       total: res => (res as PageResult<T>).total ?? 0,
     },
   )
diff --git a/frontend/app/src/pages/index/index.vue b/frontend/app/src/pages/index/index.vue
index 69d386aa0..fdf079bec 100644
--- a/frontend/app/src/pages/index/index.vue
+++ b/frontend/app/src/pages/index/index.vue
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ async function loadData() {
 async function loadNotices() {
   try {
     const res = await NoticeAPI.getPage({ page_no: 1, page_size: 3, status: 1 })
-    recentNotices.value = res.list || []
+    recentNotices.value = res.items || []
   }
   catch { /* silent */ }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_ai/chat/index.vue b/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_ai/chat/index.vue
index 4b8f27209..f4b3452ba 100644
--- a/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_ai/chat/index.vue
+++ b/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_ai/chat/index.vue
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function loadSessions() {
   loading.value = true
   try {
     const res = await ChatAPI.getSessions()
-    sessions.value = res.list || []
+    sessions.value = res.items || []
   }
   catch {
     sessions.value = []
diff --git a/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_system/ticket-detail/index.vue b/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_system/ticket-detail/index.vue
index 0097e3a84..31b173123 100644
--- a/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_system/ticket-detail/index.vue
+++ b/frontend/app/src/subPages/module_system/ticket-detail/index.vue
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function loadComments() {
     return
   try {
     const res = await TicketAPI.getComments(ticketId.value, { page_no: commentPage.page_no, page_size: commentPage.page_size })
-    comments.value = res.list || []
+    comments.value = res.items || []
     commentTotal.value = res.total || 0
   }
   catch (e) {
diff --git a/frontend/app/src/types/global.d.ts b/frontend/app/src/types/global.d.ts
index dfbaabb52..f12bda511 100644
--- a/frontend/app/src/types/global.d.ts
+++ b/frontend/app/src/types/global.d.ts
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ declare global {
    * 分页响应对象（列表接口 `data` 统一为该结构）
    */
   interface PageResult<T = any> {
-    /** 数据列表 */
-    list: T[]
+    /** 数据列表（后端 PageResultSchema 统一返回 items，而非 list） */
+    items: T[]
     /** 总数 */
     total: number
     page_no?: number