diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 22b2e2b7..7a35ad16 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -289,6 +289,16 @@ repos:
         stages: [pre-commit]
         require_serial: true
 
+      - id: no-defaults
+        name: no-defaults
+        entry: uv run --extra=dev no-defaults
+        language: python
+        types_or: [python]
+        additional_dependencies:
+          - *uv_version
+        stages: [pre-commit]
+        require_serial: true
+
       - id: interrogate-docs
         name: interrogate docs
         entry: uv run --extra=dev doccmd --no-write-to-file --example-workers 0 --language=python
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8686694c..b2b61c21 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ optional-dependencies.dev = [
     "interrogate==1.7.0",
     "mypy[faster-cache]==2.3.0",
     "mypy-strict-kwargs==2026.7.19.1",
+    "no-defaults==1.0.1",
     "prek==0.4.11",
     "pydocstringformatter==1.0.0",
     "pylint[spelling]==4.0.6",
@@ -171,6 +172,7 @@ lint.per-file-ignores."tests/test_*.py" = [
 lint.unfixable = [
     "ERA001",
 ]
+lint.external = [ "NOD" ]
 lint.flake8-tidy-imports.banned-api."typing.cast".msg = "typing.cast is banned: use explicit type narrowing or a typed variable instead."
 lint.pydocstyle.convention = "google"
 
@@ -461,3 +463,7 @@ ignore_path = [
 [tool.yamlfix]
 section_whitelines = 1
 whitelines = 1
+
+[tool.no_defaults]
+private_only = true
+per_file_enforcement."tests/**" = "all"
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index 5c36e8bc..d7d13b54 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -976,6 +976,17 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9e/c9/b2622292ea83fbb4ec318f5b9ab867d0a28ab43c5717bb85b0a5f6b3b0a4/networkx-3.6.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:d47fbf302e7d9cbbb9e2555a0d267983d2aa476bac30e90dfbe5669bd57f3762", size = 2068504, upload-time = "2025-12-08T17:02:38.159Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "no-defaults"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f2/54/3454e62945b092758b587e0e4b7cf35aa77f88da5fc43f20790bf5d433ad/no_defaults-1.0.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:c309ae30960a08ebc2436e7a45aeea46b5eb1c73c65bf02220e41e5b5d01721c", size = 28426, upload-time = "2026-08-05T22:15:00.523Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6d/de/1e7659c6ce5babd9fa57c14463e2b50536b9d6d1754f58db0f0307da6986/no_defaults-1.0.1-py3-none-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:4584dff7a7bdf632ccff600bae628276ba66a9ede156808e55e6c9c411982d4f", size = 2034147, upload-time = "2026-08-05T22:14:55.306Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8a/2c/ff7f38b88649560ca6d18a0a5652c30f969438f0a8d993991825ba8c7ee9/no_defaults-1.0.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_34_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:da5ed90cedddebddfbda4bd3fa180eba42b39814e118b7f297cd6f7705edb6a7", size = 2206221, upload-time = "2026-08-05T22:14:57.542Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fe/a0/66a4ac44d0216e88e924e54756cee8282f4f04f646c02c5931b7f9bed933/no_defaults-1.0.1-py3-none-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:31c9f3252b54d5e04e061f7aaf3b08571236eec5db1f20be91cc3cbf4be92827", size = 1931806, upload-time = "2026-08-05T22:14:59.254Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "nodeenv"
 version = "1.10.0"
@@ -2452,6 +2463,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "interrogate" },
     { name = "mypy", extra = ["faster-cache"] },
     { name = "mypy-strict-kwargs" },
+    { name = "no-defaults" },
     { name = "prek" },
     { name = "pydocstringformatter" },
     { name = "pylint", extra = ["spelling"] },
@@ -2513,6 +2525,7 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "interrogate", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==1.7.0" },
     { name = "mypy", extras = ["faster-cache"], marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==2.3.0" },
     { name = "mypy-strict-kwargs", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==2026.7.19.1" },
+    { name = "no-defaults", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==1.0.1" },
     { name = "prek", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==0.4.11" },
     { name = "pydocstringformatter", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==1.0.0" },
     { name = "pylint", extras = ["spelling"], marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = "==4.0.6" },